Encapsulation - realtime usage¶

The OOPs the usage of encapsulation is very normal and easy. It is important to access the value of the variable through the function.

In the following simple example, we can get the value of name using get_name() function.

class EncapsulationExample:
  def __init__(self):
    self.name = None

  def set_name(self, name):
    self.name = name

  def get_name(self):
    return self.name

The following example may explain one of the real time application of encapsulation

class EncapsulationExample:
  def __init__(self):
    self.name = None

  def set_name(self, name):
    name = f"{name} Updated"
    self.name = name

  def get_name(self, upper=False):
    if upper:
      self.name = self.name.upper()
    return self.name

In this example, both the get and set functions updating the original self.name variable

Using property decorator to replace custom `get` and `set` functions¶

Usage example:

class EncapsulationExample:
    def __init__(self, var1):
        self._var1 = var1

    @property
    def var1(self):
        print("Returning property value")
        return self._var1

    @var1.setter
    def var1(self, var1):
        print(f"Setting property value => {var1}")
        self._var1 = var1


if __name__ == "__main__":
    ec = EncapsulationExample(var1="demo")
    print(ec.var1)
    ec.var1="second value"

This will return

Returning property value
demo
Setting property value => second value